Understanding the Integration of Performance Competencies and Professional Needs in Architectural Practice: A Study of Architects in Medan, Indonesia

Abstract

This study explores how architectural performance attributes (APA) and professional needs (APN) are prioritized in practice, focusing on architects in Medan, Indonesia. It addresses a gap in existing research, where competencies and workplace conditions are often treated as separate issues, by examining them within a single analytical framework. Data were collected from 55 practicing architects through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) to identify key priorities. The results show that competencies related to understanding client objectives and responding to user needs are ranked highest (RII = 0.94–0.95), followed by technical knowledge and communication skills. By contrast, attributes associated with detailed technical coordination and design standardization tend to receive lower rankings (RII ≈ 0.75–0.78). In terms of professional needs, open communication (RII = 0.97), autonomy (RII = 0.95), and a manageable workload (RII = 0.95) are the most influential conditions. At the same time, financial incentives and work disruptions are considered less critical (RII ≈ 0.65–0.75). These findings suggest that architectural performance is shaped not only by individual competencies but also by the conditions that support their application. The study contributes by offering an integrated, empirically grounded perspective that provides a more context-sensitive understanding of architectural practice, particularly in emerging and flexible professional environments.